Combining deliberative and computer-based methods for multi-objective land-use planning

This paper reports the outcomes of a deliberative workshop comparing land-use plans proposed by land-manager or domain experts with those derived using a computer-based decision support system (DSS). The DSS integrates four main components, a geographic information system, land-use systems simulation models, impact assessments and land-use planning tools. The land-use planning tools draw on the other components to generate and evaluate alternative patterns of land use and management. Since the land-use planning tools are based on multi-objective genetic algorithms (mGAs) it is possible to generate a range of alternative plans that define the structure of the trade-off between the objectives. The workshop tasked the delegates with specifying land-use plans that achieved the best compromise between two objectives known to be non-commensurable and conflicting. The nature of the best compromise was dependent on their individual perspectives. The delegates proposed allocations both as individuals and in researcher-facilitated sub-groups. The mGA allocations were then compared with those derived by delegates and were found to be broadly similar in performance. Differences in the range of allocations considered feasible were explained by the hard and soft constraints on allocations agreed between the delegates and articulated within the workshop process. The hypothesis that part of the difference in performance between the mGA and delegate allocations was due to the delegates blocking together fields with the same land use for convenience of management was proved. The analysis of the group allocations revealed that the decision-making process had failed to improve on the individual allocations. From these results it was concluded that there was a potential role for mGA based land-use planning tools in researching into, and deliberating on, the possible impacts of policy or other factors affecting land-use systems. It was further concluded that the tools should not be used in isolation since there was the need for stake-holder inputs to adequately define the range of feasible and practical land-use plans.     

Inverse Modeling to Quantify Irrigation System Characteristics and Operational Management

Remotely sensed (RS) data is a major source to obtain spatialdata required for hydrological models. The challenge for thefuture is to obtain besides the more direct observable data(landcover, leaf area index, digital elevation model andevapotranspiration), non-visible data such as soilcharacteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices.In this study we have explore the option of using inversemodeling to obtain these non-RS-visible data. For a commandarea in Haryana, India, we applied for the 2000–2001 rabiseason a RS-GIS-combined inverse modeling approach to derivenon-RS-visible data required in the regional application ofhydrological models. A Genetic Algorithm loaded stochasticphysically based soil-water-atmosphere-plant model (SWAP) wasdeveloped for the inverse problem and used in the study. Theresults showed good agreement with the inventoried data suchas soil hydraulic properties, sowing dates, groundwaterdepths, irrigation practices and water quality. The deriveddata could be used to predict the state of the system at anytime in the cropping season, which can be used to evaluateoperational management strategies.     

遗传算法在离心泵叶片优化设计中的应用

对遗传算法在流体机械优化设计中的应用现状作了较为全面的总结；提出了将遗传算法应用于离心泵叶片优化设计中，分析了遗传算法在离心泵优化设计中应用的可行性以及存在的问题；对离心泵优化设计的发展提出了一些新建议和尝试。     

基于径向基神经网络的叶轮轴面投影图优化

为了提高余热排出泵的效率,采用拉丁超立方试验设计方法对叶轮轴面投影图上的前盖板圆弧半径、后盖板圆弧半径、前盖板倾角和后盖板倾角4个几何变量进行35组叶轮方案设计,应用ANSYS CFX 14.5软件对余热排出泵进行定常数值模拟,得到设计工况下的效率,应用径向基神经网络建立效率与轴面投影图的4个几何变量之间的近似模型,最后采用遗传算法对近似模型进行极值寻优,获得最优的轴面投影图几何参数组合。研究结果表明:对比原始泵的数值模拟性能曲线和试验外特性能曲线,两者吻合较好;径向基神经网络能较好地预测泵设计点效率;优化的轴面投影图使得余热排出泵的水力效率提高了6.18个百分点,改善了叶轮内流场特性。因此,叶轮轴面投影图的优化设计方法是可行的。     

基于PPC模型的农机选型与优序关系研究

将投影寻踪（PP）与实数编码的遗传算法（RAGA）相结合，应用到农业机械的选型与优序关系研究中，通过寻求各种机型评价指标的最佳投影方向，将高维数据转换成一维投影指标值，实现对机器样本的分类与排序，从而克服 以往二阶模糊综合评判法及灰色系统评价法中权重取值的人为因素，取得了良好的效果。     

深圳市河道水环境综合治理的典型

通过对深圳市新洲河生态景观改造工程设计，摸索出一条融合现代水利工程、城市规划、风景园林、生态、水污染治理等多学科多专业进行城市河道综合治理工程设计方法，为探索深圳市河道生态改造打开思路。通过对深圳市新洲河两岸景观改造，将新洲河融入城市公共空间，使其成为居民的滨水休闲廊道；在截污的基础上，通过补水、水质净化等一系列措施，使河道水质变清，达到规定的地表水Ⅴ类标准；通过对河道的生态改造，恢复河道生态功能，提高水体自净能力，成为深圳市的生态景观廊道，达到人与自然的和谐相处。     

农机具选型推广的方法和手段

本文阐述了农机推广的操作程序并提出了农机推广过程中有关农机具改进的一些思路。     

NY190柴油机研究开发

概要介绍了在NY185柴油机基础上扩缸变形而设计的NY190柴油机的技术规格、主要结构、主要零部件的特点。该机较原机价格低、功率大、启动性能好、燃油消耗率低、质量可靠。     

遗传神经网络在温室黄瓜霜霉病预测中的应用

在神经网络结构的优化、连续权重的训练中采用遗传算法的方法对日光温室黄瓜霜霉病进行预测，并对其发生程度进行了拟合，计算值与实际值接近，表明该模型具有良好的预测效果。     

LH300森林消防ATV发动机冷却水泵的改进

介绍了消防ATV的特点及功能，分析了其故障产生的原因并提出了改进措施。